Wand Properties

Woods

 * Alder - associated with defense and intuition
 * Apple - associated with the outdoors
 * Ash - associated with wisdom
 * Birch - associated with the cycle of birth/rebirth and purity
 * Cedar - associated with protection
 * Cherry - associated with conquering conflict and divination
 * Chestnut - associated with transfiguration
 * Cottonwood - associated with charms
 * Dogwood - associated with resilience
 * Ebony - associated with power and dark magic
 * Elder - associated with death and sorrow
 * Elm - associated with stability
 * Hawthorne - associated with earth and death
 * Hazel - associated with creativity and wit
 * Holly - associated with life and regeneration
 * Ivy - associated with wisdom
 * Mahogany - associated with transfiguration
 * Maple - associated with versatility
 * Oak - associated with strength and loyalty
 * Pine - associated with divination and quick learning
 * Reed - associated with desire for the truth
 * Rowan - associated with magic and intuition
 * Sequoia - associated with strong will and nature
 * Vine - associated with creativity and tenacity
 * Walnut - associated with reason and intuition
 * Willow - associated with intuition and healing
 * Yew - associated with poison and transfiguration

Cores
This is not a complete list of wand cores, only the most common used in the United States.
 * Ashwinder Ash - best for protective spells
 * Augurey Tail Feather - powerful for divination
 * Billywig Stinger - extremely temperamental
 * Boomslang Venom - boosts jinxes and hexes
 * Chimaera Scale - rare and powerful
 * Demiguise Hair - best for transfiguration
 * Dragon Heartstring - good for sheer power, specializes in hexes
 * Fairy Wing - best for charms and divination, horrible for hexes
 * Hippogriff Talon - excellent for charms
 * Kelpie Hair - superb for all spell work
 * Leprechaun Hair - temperamental to the non-Irish
 * Phoenix Feather - very magical, versatile
 * Runespoor Fang - best for dark magic
 * Unicorn Hair - good with charms and transfiguration, best for healing
 * Veela Hair - boosts charms and divination, temperamental

Size
The height of the wizard generally determines the wand that is drawn to them. The shorter the person, the shorter the wand; the taller the person, the longer the wand. This is based on full adult height, not necessarily how tall a person is when they obtain their wand. The following list is compiled based on the shortest and longest canon wands (Umbridge's and Hagrid's).

Note: The height-to-length ratio is not supposed to be steady throughout the list.
 * 5'2" = 9 inches
 * 5'8" = 10 inches
 * 5'10" = 11 inches
 * 6' = 12 inches
 * 6'2" = 13 inches
 * 6'4" = 14 inches
 * 7' = 15 inches
 * 12' = 16 inches

Flexibility
This measures the ease of casting and power behind the magic. Flexible wands are easier to cast but have less power, while inflexible wands are much stronger but more difficult to cast.
 * Whippy - easiest to cast, least powerful
 * Swishy
 * Flexible
 * Springy - medium difficulty, medium power
 * Sturdy
 * Inflexible
 * Rigid - hardest to cast, most powerful